State agencies often possess scientific data and valuable expertise on the status and distribution of endangered, threatened, and candidate species of wildlife and plants. submitted by different entities to be one substantive comment, such as identical letters and emails submitted by multiple water user groups and the Sierra Club. 11/22/2021, 71 The potential extirpation of multiple populations could most likely occur in the upper basin under the short 16-year timeframe in Scenario 1 and the longer 40-year timeframe under Scenario 2. Because the SSA framework considers not just the presence of the factors, but also to what degree they collectively influence risk to the entire species, our assessment integrates the cumulative effects of the factors and replaces a standalone cumulative effects analysis. Populations are either stable (Grand Canyon, Desolation and Gray Canyons, Cataract Canyon, and Black Rocks), or are increasing (Westwater Canyon and western Grand Canyon), demonstrating their resiliency regardless of abundance. Our Response: 36-38). The 4(d) rule, which includes a description of the kinds of activities that would or would not constitute a violation, complies with this policy. New Scientific Information— The majority of the areas inhabited by humpback chub, including the Little Colorado River and western Grand Canyon, are dominated by native fish (Pillow Scenarios 2 and 3 differ in their confidence in the effectiveness of the conservation actions: Scenario 2 considers that implemented actions are not fully effective to mitigate impacts of drought, future water development, nonnative fishes, or other threats, whereas Scenario 3 considers that implemented actions are sufficient to mitigate impacts of drought, future water development, nonnative fishes, and other threats. Although nonnative predatory fish species that prey on humpback chub, such as northern pike ( Operational release patterns at Flaming Gorge Dam, implemented since 2006, have been evaluated for their effectiveness, and revised flow recommendations have been drafted to further improve river flow conditions for humpback chub and other fish species (LaGory Humpback chub individuals may be introduced to new areas by translocating wild individuals to additional locations or by stocking individuals from captivity. Nonnative fish conditions are expected to remain acceptable in the upper basin because of the commitment to multifaceted nonnative fish management and existence of adequate flow regimes, but the risk for substantial and rapid degradation is present if management actions are ceased. However, estimates from 2001 to 2003 have low precision and did not employ the same sampling regime as subsequent sampling. (iii) Take, as set forth at § 17.21(c)(2) through (c)(4) for endangered wildlife. 36, 38). We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. the Federal Register. We therefore proceed with determining whether the humpback chub is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all of its range. We received one letter from a Native American Tribe, the Navajo Nation, in which the Little Colorado River portion of the Grand Canyon population resides. All translocations of wild individuals and stocking of individuals from captivity must involve reasonable care to minimize the effects of that taking. et al. Upper basin populations are generally more diverse than the lower basin population, demonstrating adequate exchange of individuals between populations in the upper basin (Bohn Reasonable care i.e., Ultimately, we compare our evaluation of the species risk of extinction against the definition of an endangered species. We issued the first recovery plan for the humpback chub on August 22, 1979. Thus, there are no portions of the species' range where the species has a different status from its rangewide status. contribution of approximately 50 individuals a year to the Black Rocks population (Hines Therefore, we allow intentional take of humpback chub from catch-and-release angling activities that target humpback chub and are in accordance with State and Tribal fishing regulations in areas outside of the six core humpback chub populations. In order to preserve the full breadth of genetic diversity of humpback chub, creation of additional refuge populations could be suggested in the revised humpback chub recovery plan, by the Service, or in other proceedings, such as section 7 consultations between the Service and Federal agencies. Join our new Fish AZ Facebook Fishing Group at https://www.facebook.com/azgfd, or sign up for our revamped monthly fishing report at www.azgfd.gov/signup. Follows the Colorado River's 1450-mile journey from its headwaters high in the Colorado Rockies to its dried-up delta touching the Sea of Cortez, discussing its historical, geographical, and environmental significance. This 4(d) rule provides for the conservation of the humpback chub by prohibiting the following activities, with certain exceptions (discussed below): Importing or exporting; possession and other acts with unlawfully taken specimens; delivering, receiving, transporting, or shipping in interstate or foreign commerce in the course of commercial activity; or selling or offering for sale in interstate or foreign commerce. This final rule, supporting documents we used in preparing this rule, and public comments we received are available on the internet at Some measurements, such as temperature, pH, and specific conductance are taken almost every time water is sampled and investigated, no matter where in the U.S. the water is being studied. We analyzed the current and expected future condition of flow regimes to support humpback chub in the SSA, including the ongoing and expected impact of climate change on this resource. Found inside – Page 267Environmental Loss and America's Iconic Fish Douglas M. Thompson ... “What Are Aquatic Invasive Species? ... “Lees Ferry Trout Fishery,“ Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program, WWW.gcdamp.gov/fs/LeesFTF.pdf (accessed May 16, 2012). Found inside – Page 346Birds are the most conspicuous animals in the canyon , the majority being migratory species . ... in maximum release capabilities would result in only minor increases in wetted area between the dam and Lees Ferry , ( Figures 5-8 ) . Starting in 1963, any remaining humpback chub in the Green River portion of the Dinosaur National Monument population were negatively affected for decades by the cold, stable releases from Flaming Gorge Dam. et al. Tue, Nov 16, 2021. New techniques, as available and feasible, may also need to be implemented in the future. In general, the more resilient and redundant a species is and the more representation it has, the more likely it is to sustain populations over time, even under changing environmental conditions. CHAPTER 91. Currently, State angling regulations require the release of all incidental catches of humpback chub and do not allow anglers to target the species. Lees Ferry. The current distribution of the humpback chub in five extant populations across the upper and lower basins, with new populations emerging in the lower basin, provides redundancy for the humpback chub and reduces catastrophic risk. Start Printed Page 57594 Learn more here. Some comments stated that we did not appropriately consider the impact of food supply in the Grand Canyon and requested that we incorporate additional information from recent studies of macroinvertebrate flows in the Grand Canyon. Gila cypha I intend to remove the following companies from the Register under section 318(1)(b) of the Companies Act 1993, on the grounds that the Registrar has reasonable grounds to believe that the company is not carrying on business and there is no proper reason for the company to continue in existence.. #BFBRIDESMAIDS LIMITED $2 MAGIC LIMITED (SWS) SHUNYA WASTE … (vii) The Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona, is one of the best fly fishing spots for rainbow trout. Other populations do have nonnative predators nearby, but these predators have not colonized humpback chub habitats. Take is allowed under this 4(d) rule as follows, and is further described below: These forms of allowable take are explained in more detail below. Center for Biological Diversity FWS-R6-ES-2018-0081 on Launch ramp conditions at Lake Mead have improved significantly thanks to … Humpback chub populations also have adequate representation, as the multiple populations distributed across the range support the species' genetic diversity. These projections are consistent with the time scale for which we have data available on the species and its stressors. We published a notice outlining our reasons for this determination in the On March 11, 1967, the Secretary of the Interior published a final rule (32 FR 4001) listing the humpback chub as an endangered species in accordance with the Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966 (80 Stat. Esox lucius The recovery criteria presented in the 2002 recovery plan remain reasonable measures to gauge progress towards recovery and a valuable reference as we refine our vision of recovery for the humpback chub, and work to update the recovery plan. 87, 91, 97). We incorporate the cumulative effects into our SSA analysis when we characterize the current and future condition of the species across the upper and lower basins and five populations. 8, 24-25). 2017, p. 288; Rogoswki In the lower basin, management actions are geared toward the removal of both warm water and cold water nonnative fish species, but these actions do not occur unless predetermined conditions are met (DOI 2016, pp. We evaluated each potential stressor, including its source, affected resources, exposure, immediacy, geographic scope, magnitude, and impacts on individuals and populations, and our level of certainty regarding this information, to determine which stressors were likely to be drivers of the species' current and future conditions (Service 2018b, pp. This information is not part of the official Federal Register document. The USGS has been measuring water for decades. on NARA's archives.gov. In the lower basin, current densities of nonnative predators are low in areas inhabited by humpback chub, such as the Little Colorado River and western Grand Canyon, likely because of abiotic factors, such as turbidity, water chemistry, and temperature (Pillow This means that they can be found up shallow as well as out deep looking for baitfish. However, they are not regulatory documents and do not substitute for the determinations and promulgation of regulations required under section 4(a)(1) of the Act. Based on the ruling of the court in Despite the severe drought experienced in the upper basin over the past 15 to 20 years, management of river flows has restored much of the important intra- and inter-annual variability of river flow that the humpback chub needs to breed, feed, and shelter. The term “threat” includes actions or conditions that have a direct impact on individuals (direct impacts), as well as those that affect individuals through alteration of their habitat or required resources (stressors). (v) Sale or offer for sale, as set forth at § 17.21(f) for endangered wildlife. For our analysis, we identified the species' ecological requirements for survival and reproduction at the individual, population, and species levels, and described the factors, both positive and negative, that influence the viability of the humpback chub, currently and into the future (Service 2018b, entire). 4 However, until the structure and funding for this partnership is defined, the analysis of future conditions under Scenario 1 as presented in the SSA report (Service 2018b, entire) remains unchanged. [FR Doc. (iv) By 1998, humpback chub in Dinosaur National Monument were absent or rare in habitats where the species was likely common in the 1940s (Tyus 1998, p. 192). Although the statute does not require us to make a “necessary and advisable” finding with respect to the adoption of specific prohibitions under section 9, we find that this rule as a whole satisfies the requirement in section 4(d) of the Act to issue regulations deemed necessary and advisable to provide for the conservation of the humpback chub. For example, both Flaming Gorge Dam (the Green River) and the Aspinall Unit (the Colorado River) changed operational release patterns in 2006 and 2012, respectively, to reduce adverse effects of altered flow regimes and to provide downstream flows to benefit the humpback chub and other fish species (Service 2018b, p. 39). Our Response: It was caught on a watermelon color plastic work. In evaluating these actions and conditions, we look for those that may have a negative effect on individuals of the species, as well as other actions or conditions that may ameliorate any negative effects or may have positive effects. Found insideDave Foster, another highly respected Lees Ferry guide and conservationist, has worked here since 1988, ... Like the other seven native fish species once abundant in the 277-mile Grand Canyon stretch of the main Colorado, the humpback ... Found inside – Page 13There is walkin fishing just below the Lees Ferry boat ramp , or anglers can bring their own boat or hire a guide . ... fish species , which includes all species of bass Boat Ramp Lees Ferry is a tailwater fishery . However, in the future, hatchery production and culture may be a necessary tool either to supplement existing populations or to introduce individuals to new locations without harvesting wild fish. 3 The lake water level is about 35% full. ( In the upper basin, although food supply has not been measured, it is not estimated to be a limiting factor. Below, we summarize the current condition for the species first in the upper basin and then in the lower basin, with more detail provided in our SSA report (Service 2018b, pp. 34-124). (F) The Service and all applicable State, Federal, and Tribal landowners must approve, in advance and in writing, any new recreational fishery for humpback chub. Habitats support multiple, resilient populations in the upper basin, including the large Westwater Canyon population, and the large, stable Grand Canyon population in the lower basin, with range expansion into western Grand Canyon. Since 2018, new monitoring data indicates that all four extant upper basin populations are likely stable or increasing, reducing the uncertainty of the trajectory of these populations. Since 2006, operational changes at Flaming Gorge Dam have improved the water temperature and flow conditions in the Green River so that they could be more suitable for humpback chub. We must rely on the best available information when making our determination and at this time we must recognize that there is uncertainty in the future structure and funding for the Upper Basin Recovery Program. This 4(d) rule describes creation and maintenance of humpback chub refuge populations excepted from take as activities undertaken for the long-term protection of humpback chub genetic diversity. 83-85). As a result, we did not identify a concentration of threats associated with either river flows or water temperature. Historical observations are extended by a tree-ring reconstruction of streamflow going back approximately 1,200 years, as estimated by Meko et al. under Docket No. Our goal is to showcase the state of Arizona as one of the most desired fishing states in the Nation and keep you informed on the projects that provide better fishing … The Lamp. 668aa(c)). In the lower basin, nonnative fish actions primarily focus on preventing establishment of new species (such as removal of green sunfish below Glen Canyon Dam) and controlling populations of trout in tributary habitats (such as removal of brown trout in Bright Angel Creek). However, nonnative removal activities in humpback chub habitats are designed to be selective, allowing for the removal of predatory, nonnative fish while humpback chub are returned safely to the river. Exceptions from prohibitions for specific types of incidental take. We analyzed the current and future expected condition of this resource for humpback chub and found that humpback chub's rocky canyon habitat is largely unchanged and located in lands administered by Federal, State, and Tribal agencies that protect the current and future condition (Service 2018b, pp. We summarize these stressors below, with more detail provided in the SSA report (Service 2018b, pp. We also determine that 4(d) rules that accompany regulations adopted pursuant to section 4(a) of the Act are not subject to the National Environmental Policy Act. Briefly, resiliency supports the ability of the species to withstand environmental and demographic stochasticity (for example, wet or dry, warm or cold years), redundancy supports the ability of the species to withstand catastrophic events (for example, droughts, large pollution events), and representation supports the ability of the species to adapt over time to long-term changes in the environment (for example, climate changes). Recent analysis recommends that genetic diversity of the species be managed as three units: Upper Colorado River (Cataract Canyon, Black Rocks, and Westwater Canyon), Green River (Desolation and Gray Canyons), and the Lower Basin (Grand Canyon and tributaries) (Bohn v. Power bait and worms fished on the bottom will be effective. 2 The Act does not define the term “foreseeable future,” which appears in the statutory definition of “threatened species.” Our implementing regulations at 50 CFR 424.11(d) set forth a framework for evaluating the foreseeable future on a case-by-case basis. Implementing, evaluating, and revising flow recommendations demonstrates a commitment by stakeholders to provide flow regimes that benefit the humpback chub. Gila cypha Since 2017, spring adult and subadult abundances equal or exceed previous estimates (Van Haverbeke 8, 41-42), demonstrating this population continues to be large and stable. The Cassock. As stated in both of FERC's May 21, 2020, Preliminary Permits, if a license is pursued, FERC “will comply with the requirements of the [Act] during its review of the application” (FERC 2020a, p. 5; FERC 2020b, p. 5). on Micropterus dolomieu 1361-1407; 1531-1544; and 4201-4245, unless otherwise noted. On July 2, 2020, we conducted government-to-government consultation concerning the proposed rule to reclassify humpback chub with a section 4(d) rule. To maintain flows, the Upper Basin Recovery Program acquired water stored in reservoirs in the Yampa and Colorado Rivers and releases this water to support the humpback chub when needed, such as during low-flow periods during the summer (Service 2018b, p. 39). ( For example, courts have upheld rules developed under section 4(d) as a valid exercise of agency authority where they prohibited take of threatened wildlife, or include a limited taking prohibition (see chub (LaGory National Marine Fisheries Service, About the Federal Register Some comments indicated that we failed to fully analyze and include the current and future effects of climate change in the Colorado River basin that cause river flow declines, such as air temperature increases, increased evapotranspiration, The following prohibitions that apply to endangered wildlife also apply to humpback chub. Found inside – Page 3-46As a consequence , reproduction by the native and introduced warmwater species virtually ceased in the main channel , and a world - class coldwater trout fishery was established between the dam and Lees Ferry . 3.4.1.1.1 Fish Thirty ... The Upper Basin Recovery Program and Glen Canyon Dam AMP are key regulatory mechanisms that shape the current and future condition of humpback chub. Found inside – Page 31... value on naturally reproduced fish than on hatchery stock . Further , it has been the goal of AGFD to seek a naturally reproducing population . Determinations of superior strains for stocking at Lees Ferry appeared inconclusive . In the lower basin, abiotic conditions currently limit the threat of nonnative fish. The Pequod Meets The Rose-Bud. Chemical treatments that take place in locations where humpback chub occur, or may occur, must take place only after a robust salvage effort takes place to remove humpback chub in the area. on FederalRegister.gov To date, the Upper Basin Recovery Program has not been formally extended and is scheduled to expire in 2023, so Scenario 1 in the SSA report (2018b, entire), with its reduction of conservation efforts, remains plausible. For this species status assessment, we defined viability as the ability of the species to sustain populations in natural ecosystems over a biologically meaningful timeframe, in this case, 16 and 40 years into the future. Take can result knowingly or otherwise, by direct and indirect impacts, intentionally or incidentally. We evaluated the species' current levels of resiliency, redundancy, and representation, and projected plausible changes to these “3Rs” into the future (Service 2018b, entire). Weighed in at 4 pounds and measured 20 1/4 inches. Our Response: A 3-year effort to introduce humpback chub into Shinumo Creek in the lower basin indicated that the tributary provided favorable conditions for growth and survival despite high emigration rates (Spurgeon Comment (10): 1 States and Tribes may enact Federal, State, and Tribal fishing regulations that address catch-and-release angling. Despite the uncertainty associated with population monitoring techniques, these abundance estimates and associated CPUE data provide important demographic information about humpback chub populations. These scenarios were designed to capture the full range of plausible futures and uncertainty associated with the implementation and effectiveness of conservation actions important to the humpback chub's survival. v. 117-119; Van Haverbeke To improve egg-laying conditions for aquatic insects, the primary food source for the humpback chub in the Colorado River, the Glen Canyon Dam AMP is conducting experiments to evaluate densities of macroinvertebrates under various flow regimes (Kennedy and Meuhlbauer 2020, pp. —Currently, four populations of humpback chub occur in the upper basin (Desolation and Gray Canyons, Black Rocks, Westwater Canyon, and Cataract Canyon), with one additional extirpated population (Dinosaur National Monument). We have determined that environmental assessments and environmental impact statements, as defined under the authority of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA; 42 U.S.C. State agencies, because of their authorities and their close working relationships with local governments and landowners, are in a unique position to assist us in implementing all aspects of the Act. Residents and non-residents alike must have a license to fish or shellfish in Washington waters. Specifically, in the upper basin, changes in the operation of large Federal dams and provision of water dedicated to environmental flows have reduced the effects of drought on river flows.

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