A system that requires an audible verbal exchange, and possibly even a direct communications link, doesn’t inspire much confidence as a co-bot. A wonderful stunt-double, Mark Fichera, whom you see in the movie doubling people in spacesuits, he and I were assigned to this. It went from squeezing the breaks on an old bicycle to playing a video game. Chris first described those four plints, solids, and they’re infinitely articulate thanks to highly developed circuitry within the machine. There was personality in this machine. I was thinking this." The trailers offer brief examples, such as bipedal walking and a flailing sort of cartwheel across the surface of a body of water. !”, TARS isn’t spontaneous like a human, but he isn’t a droll operator like HAL 9000. Sprockets is the 1st book in the Sprockets series, which also includes Rivets and Sprockets and Bolts. Gradually it got heavier and heavier as it took on the appearance of what they wanted it to look like on camera. They think it makes a unit more cohesive.”. The argument was always, "Do we send people?" And he'd come out. Interstellar Chef Raising a Baby – Chapter 137 November 19, 2021 ICRAB – Chapter 137. Chris would come to the shop: “What about going through a doorway?” So they quickly built a doorway, and we’d wrestle it through. Did Fans Find the Spider-Men in the NWH Trailer? TARS also appears to be somewhat more versatile than CASE, being suited for tasks ranging from piloting to data collection. TARS is voiced by American actor Bill Irwin who also operated the hydraulics of the robot. He controlled the heavy machinery which weighed almost 200 pounds. Introduce kids to the planets and solar system in this fractured fairy tale retelling of the classic The Three Little Pigs. Parents and children alike will adore this out-of-this-world story, which is set in outer space! GREEP BOINK MEEP! If we wanted it to walk forward, we operated it from behind, strapped into it from various ways so your body could push it. With irrepressible enthusiasm and a deep understanding of the cutting-edge research in space travel, World-renowned physicist and futurist Dr. Michio Kaku presents a compelling vision of how humanity may develop a sustainable civilization ... The bots are called TARS and CASE. They rescue Cooper and chase after the Ranger with Mann insi… The robot’s actuators are built to yield. So we’re trying to get it to work while Chris and the AD are telling us that camera is ready. There was the weight plus the water displacement. Known best for his pratfalls whether it be playing Ham Gravy in Popeye (1980) or entertaining kids the world over as Mr. Noodle in the Elmo segments on Sesame Street, Bill Irwin has enjoyed being a charismatic character actor of the stage and screen for close to 35 years. Where is she now? Now imagine a robot whose job is to pitch in during emergencies on some remote celestial body, where a single slip-up could kill an explorer. TARS interrogated Cooper until Amelia arrived to relieve him. Or would they be more alien themselves, with bodies and behaviors that support humans, without physically mimicking them? In a futuristic military adventure a recruit goes through the roughest boot camp in the universe and into battle with the Terran Mobile Infantry in what historians would come to call the First Interstellar War Published Oct 27, 2014 6:00 PM. TARS' personality can be characterized as witty, sarcastic, and humorous, traits programmed into him to make him a better suited companion. He’s the first former NBA player to do so. If any character actor could conquer the mechanical demands of the mostly practical TARS (yes, they really built that shape-shifting monolith), a nimble thespian with a degree from Ringling Bros. Clown College would be a logical choice. Robonaut 2 has hard components, but its limbs are padded and self-contained, with no exposed joints to crush errant biological fingers. Set against a techno-spiritual bond between a scientist and his creation, far from Frankenteinesque, the story explores the nuances of intellectual ambivalence and emotional carelessness. Same great features and functions with minor differences. ... Until there was a voice that broke the order on the scene. “Sometimes, the usability of the robot depends on how well you can interact with it,” says Berenson. Interstellar is a 2014 science fiction film about a team of astronauts who travel through a cosmic wormhole in search of a habitable planet as the Earth is ravaged by worldwide crop blights, dust storms and the atmosphere loses oxygen. This answers first letter of which starts with T and can be found at the end of S. We think TARS is the possible answer on this clue. Yet in The Science of Interstellar, Kip Thorne, the Nobel prize-winning physicist who assisted Nolan on the scientific aspects of Interstellar, shows us that the movie’s jaw-dropping events and stunning, never-before-attempted visuals are ... A manned expedition will no doubt include at least one bot, if not a whole fleet of them. ESQ: I don't know, maybe I would want to watch a TARS movie. It was very visceral, muscular puppeteering because it stood five feet high and was jointed in varying ways and could be reset. Found insideinterrupted a large man with a gruff voice, who had a powerful robot jaw and a shiny grey Afro that resembled steel ... 'We're about to take on the entire Interstellar Navy, something that has never been done before, and not all of us ... And funny enough, and to my surprise, someone told me that Paul Franklin, the special effects editor, said that what you see in the final cut is 80 percent what we did in camera, he only added 20 percent with effects. Li Sanpang swallowed his saliva with a dark expression. But in the vein of the sci-fi classics Nolan grew up on—particularly Star Wars—the director didn't just want an actor to voice TARS, but someone who could become the artificial intelligence. And there are a lot of stars: scheduling, theater openings, financing, all that. Though there was a little improv. I think they wanted to keep us out of trouble. Found inside“Born to fart? Born to stink up the universe that created you? Outrageous!” Prim's voice boomed. “That's why I left in the first place, dad. Despite all the doctors and interstellar surgeries, you still couldn't fix me. Nothing can. Meet the Robosen K1 Interstellar Scout: another educational robot that you can program with your voice or smartphone. At one point, I was marking the scene and having fun doing the dialogue — this was actually CASE’s voice, not TARS, it wasn’t my voice heard, but for operating the machine and working with Chris, I’d lay down a guide track. [where to get it] Baxter is one of the most expressive robots on the planet. The Real Reason Matt Damon's Interstellar Role Was Kept A Secret By Abbey White / April 27, 2020 6:40 pm EST In Christopher Nolan's sci-fi epic Interstellar , … I thought, okay, that was a fun conversation, I guess that will maybe lead to some meetings or a reading, something down the line. To this day, Bill Irwin isn’t quite sure why Christopher Nolan asked him to voice the helper-bot TARS in his latest epic, Interstellar.We can make an educated guess: Irwin is … Senate Republicans Kill a Bill to Expand Veterans' Benefits, Interstellar : The Most Nolan -y Christopher Nolan Movie Yet, The 15 Best Movies That Didn't Win Oscars, Style Don'ts On Display in New Dumb and Dumber To Movie Poster, Reconsidering the Cop Movie After Ferguson. It has programmable joints, so you can create fancy move sequences. Suzanna Son, Steve Zissis, Troye Sivan, and more will star in the series focused on the music industry. Weeks later, I found myself in L.A. at the special-effects room, and someone had made a plastic model of what Chris and his collaborators had envisioned. We hope all the stars will align. BI: The will to live and the ability to improvise in the way that only humans can. I wouldn’t trade it for anything. Befuddling, at times, but brilliant. TARS is one of four former U.S. Marine Corps tactical robots along with PLEX, CASE and KIPP featured in the Interstellar universe. And while Baxter isn’t exactly space-worthy, its two best features are worth considering for the planetary explorers to come. TARS is one of four former U.S. Marine Corps tactical robots along with PLEX, CASE and KIPP featured in the Interstellar universe. At first it was a matter of gripping a cable that you’d have to grip hard. mechArm Raspberry Pi 6-Axis Robot Arm. It just so happened it was on my first day of work. © 2021 Vox Media, LLC. We can make an educated guess: Irwin is a veteran stage and film actor specializing in vaudeville — he’s been dubbed “the Clown Prince” — whose appearances range from Waiting for Godot to The Good Wife to Subway Stories and Sesame Street. Found insidehe heard Klem Zareff's voice, chuckling happily, above the babble in the room. “You wouldn't believe it. ... The housecleaning-robot had come in, running its vacuum-cleaning hose around and brandishing its mops. This level of caution is smart for a manufacturing bot, but probably overkill for a full-fledged co-bot, particularly one designed to assist astronauts. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service. Was that all on the page, or did you come up with any of it? Actor Bill Irwin voiced and physically controlled both robots, but his image was digitally removed from the film, and actor Josh Stewart's voice replaced his voicing for CASE. Making those big metal boxes walk wasn't easy according to TARS voice actor and puppeteer Bill Irwin, as versions of the robots weighed up to 200 pounds. We know what it is so much more. We took it to San Francisco, and the show became finished. I remember the first day the question of how does it walk came up and Chris Nolan said, "Either it's going to have to have a series of little steps in front of it or it's going to need retractable feet," and everyone got the tools out and worked on it and sparks are flying and they made it with retractable feet [at the bottom of the two outside pillars]. It's funny, there were shots when Chris would say to me, "Bill, if you could duck your head you'd save us $10,000.". Chris said — and I think he’s prophetic with this — “Robots won’t look humanoid nor anthropomorphized.” That’s what movies have done up until now, but it doesn’t make much sense, engineering-wise. A thoroughly soft robot, like the gas-powered systems demonstrated by researchers at MIT, would likely fall on the wrong side of compliance vs. power tradeoff. He waited until the giant rabbit in front of him pouted its ass and swung around to leave. It was fun to play with, but it was flatter than the final model. By The designers, Nathan Crowley and Paul J. Franklin, gave it a beautiful sheen. We was like, "Just a minute! We did all this work in Burbank, then suddenly, we had to go to Alberta, Canada, they needed the machine to go through doors and do dialogue at the same time. There were four machines. Is any of this real? We gave him what we could give him on camera and he artfully used that. We were pushing this thing around. A sketch for a Space Opera. There's video that I hope Chris includes whenever he does a making-of that shows me or Mark behind TARS pushing it and making it walk, giving it character. ESQ: Was the design always this rectangular form? We had some written dialogue but people would come and whisper in my ear, "Chris wants you to say this." What You Will Learn Use cases for different AI algorithms Intelligent search for decision making Biologically inspired algorithms Machine learning and neural networks Reinforcement learning to build a better robot This Book Is Written For ... The Real Reason Matt Damon's Interstellar Role Was Kept A Secret By Abbey White / April 27, 2020 6:40 pm EST In Christopher Nolan's sci-fi epic Interstellar , … CASE's personality is characterized as more quiet and reserved as opposed to TARS' personality. For Interstellar, one argument is that TARS and his fellow Marines should have done the missions themselves, not humans. And they’ll be soft to the touch, prepared to execute orders in close quarters, without accidentally crushing or killing the very people they were built to assist. ESQ: The personality of TARS is evident once they go into space. Shaunna Murphy 11/12/2014. ... Baxter makes do without a nose, mouth, or voice. The #SurvivingSophia Scandal, Explained (Well, We Tried). Scenes where TARS appears on the ocean planet were filmed at Icelandic locations. And the producers were like, "How about Bill just locks the car?" We were doing this music video with a budget of like $200 total and he's like, "It would be great if there was a really beautiful woman, a babe, and she gets into the limo but she locks me out." “Make the finger come out!”, Through all the practical elements, how did you find time to develop a character?One of the maddening things was they were always taking the machines apart and putting them back together, to chip them or cannibalize them for other things. The book that set the standard for robots interacting with humans in science fiction. A classic in any genre. Actor Bill Irwin talks about his "weird gig" for Christopher Nolan playing the robot TARS in "Interstellar," and how he'd do a TARS movie (plus that time he worked with Robin Williams). Is the next step Broadway?From your lips to the Schubert Organization’s ears. We were about 18 inches behind it. TARS is voiced by American actor Bill Irwin who also operated the hydraulics of the robot. He controlled the heavy machinery which weighed almost 200 pounds. The actor was digitally removed during post production as he was a few inches taller than TARS. CASE is voiced by actor Josh Stewart. Based on a book about Low and his alleged masterminding of one of the world’s biggest financial scandals. The Co-Robots In ‘Interstellar’ Are Gorgeous–And Silly. The persona jumped right off the page, somewhere between a former Marine commander and a high-school gym teacher. CC: Jack Harlow. I was given an incredibly tight gray unitard that I had to wear and a ski mask with only slits for eyes, but gradually that went by the wayside. “If it doesn’t seem to acknowledge what you said, people are going to get confused.” Imagine a human who doesn’t answer a request with a verbal confirmation, or thumbs up, or even the tiniest of nods. But quite conceivably, they’ll pattern artificial intelligence after human beings. With an industry-leading 17 servo motors, and an impressive voice command ability – K1 is able to run, walk, talk and even do a flip, all with simple commands via the included app, or the ease of your voice! They’re striding through the water, and I’m striding, too, but Chris wisely says, “Do you think you can make it go that fast, Bill?” No, I’m running through water, I couldn’t go that fast! Found insideVOICE (O.S.) Stage one ... SEPARATION. Cooper starts to see the Earth's curve through the window . ... Plenty of slaves for my robot colony. Cooper looks at him, confused. DOYLE They gave him a humor setting so he'd fit in with his unit ... BI: Robin's mind is so fevered and fertile. “That could cause a problem. [Laughs] It was very visceral and exciting and thank God I had these stunt guys to work with because they were younger and stronger. What’s less obvious, though, is the form these robots will take. Or, if they wanted to look at the machine straight on and have it walk away from camera, you were behind it, backing up. I was only 24, but it was some of the toughest work I’ve ever done. But what about robots assigned to work directly with astronauts, moving safely and helpfully within the same vehicles and environments as their human masters? That was the next stage of things. Here Irwin pulls the curtain back on Nolan's inner workings and reveals to us a first-hand account of the creation of the film's most unlikely star. Interstellar's T.A.R.S. That sounds like the case here.Actually not, which is why I’m hoping some of these videos surface in a well-sanctioned, well-explained milieu where Chris is narrating. They are beautiful, eye-catching designs. In training mode, you can physically walk it through its assigned task, guiding its limbs throughout the workspace. Christopher Nolan opted to build a functional TARS instead of creating the robot with CGI. A robotics expert breaks down TARS. The official movie novelization to the eagerly anticipated new film by Christopher Nolan. It also has a USB port for uploading custom programs. You just show up to work as you're dressed. But he made it clear that it wasn't just a voice, it was giving the machine life and playing the scenes with the rest of the cast. I saw it as he was describing it. Was the experience akin to any of your past roles?Not comparable. Best of all, Baxter isn’t going to kill you, the way that some industrial robotics might if you were to wander past the safety measures that keep auto-assembly bots separated from their human co-workers. ESQ: So how did you operate TARS, was it remote control? At first it was something where you could squeeze a cable and the feet would come out but as it got heavier they used a compressed air system [for the feet to come out]. ESQ: But you didn't have to go to hair and makeup. Can we put you just outside of the space capsule with a helmet so you can hear the dialogue and speak?" Earth refugees threaten a peaceful space settlement in this influential novel from the Golden Age science fiction author of 2001: A Space Odyssey. In the fourth book in the CatStronauts graphic novel series, the stalwart Cat-Stro-Bot is stranded, and the CatStronauts have to stage an off the books robot rescue! Cat-Stro-Bot has been with the CatStronauts through it all. BI: There were scenes in the spacecraft where TARS is sort of standing by, as a lieutenant waiting, but he does some moving and dialogue and in doing that he's repositioning himself to face certain characters. This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. Apologies to Matthew McConaughey, but the real, breakout star of " Interstellar " was clearly TARS the sarcastic space robot (voiced by Bill Irwin). I'd love to see you in action. Shaunna Murphy 11/12/2014. I'm still trying to catch up that he's not on the face of the earth anymore. BI: In that first conversation it was that I would be an articulated machine that would be made up of four plinths, I believe was the word he used, and he's explaining this thing that's four jointed pieces that can move different and each one is infinitely jointed within itself. ... "The butler robot will clean it up." But it’s safe to say they’ll be nothing like the stark, featureless bots in Interstellar. This sounds like the most Henson non-Henson endeavor ever.I’ve never heard Chris Nolan and Jim Henson’s names linked before, but that’s an interesting connection. This crossword clue Robot from "Interstellar" was discovered last seen in the April 11 2021 at the Daily Themed Crossword. | TARS joined the crew and notified them of Romily's death. In fact, Baxter stops moving as soon as it detects an approaching human, to further minimize the risk of accidental collisions. I got there and they were hinging together these pieces of sheet metal and gradually I got paired up with a wonderful stunt player named Mark Fichera and he and I were assigned to hang out in the shop and take anything they would give us and work on how this machine would move and look and feel. In order for it to locomote, there [had to be] pieces of wood on the floor. Eventually, they transformed it to a compressed air system. "MythBusters" co-host Adam Savage was left cold with the plot from Interstellar. Found inside – Page 135After five buzzes a robot voice asked me if I wished to continue my attempt to reach Beatrice Mangan directly, or if I wished ... She was also an old friend from my days in the enforcement arm of the Interstellar Commerce Secretariat, ... Do you have any thoughts on that? Already a subscriber? Found inside – Page 184Shakyra has recently purchased and modified a Gadget Shack robot so she can remotely adventure with the duo. ... Data Processing 4, Sing 3, Advanced Math 5 Advantages: Perfect Pitch, Follower: Robot, Voice Traits: Code Against Killing, ... Making those big metal boxes walk wasn't easy according to TARS voice actor and puppeteer Bill Irwin, as versions of the robots weighed up to 200 pounds. BI: I would love to take credit for them but they were pure Chris Nolan. ESQ: Him giving you money to try to get into the limo. It’s so ready. ESQ: I hope they release behind-the-scenes footage. And hey, cool robots look cool, which is more than good enough for Hollywood. The K1 can be controlled with 30 voice commands. And, of course, to an actor that's both mysterious but very exciting. And other people thought it was cheaper and much more efficient if you don't send people and that debate is still going on with the current space program. What was he hoping an actor could bring to it?I’m not sure he entirely knew. Therefore, there’s no basis for praise or abuse, in terms of predicting where robotic locomotion is headed. Nolan throws you in the middle of it. In fact, with all due respect to Baxter, we have yet to produce a co-bot on Earth—a robot that freezes when you come near isn’t much of a collaborator. As slick as Interstellar‘s bots look, a perpetual poker face isn’t an asset for any co-bot, much less one you have to interact with through a space suit. TARS spent 23 years maintaining the Endurance along with Romilly. However, his knowledge of mechanics leads to his conclusion that T.A.R.S. She and a fired colleague have reportedly withdrawn an unfair labor practice charge against the streamer. "MythBusters" co-host Adam Savage was left cold with the plot from Interstellar. Things you buy through our links may earn New York a commission. The character actor talks about his "weird gig" for Christopher Nolan, and how he'd do a TARS movie (plus that time he worked with Robin Williams). And then we were digitally erased in post. TARS Robot From Interstellar - Steel Action Figure - No Welding: My favorite character from Interstellar, TARS the surplus military ex-Marine robot. But I don't want to do it that way, I want the actor there in the scenes." They’re also pretty ridiculous. The robots that accompany a manned expedition to another world are monolithic space oddities, rectangular slabs whose plank-like segments can decouple and rotate to pull off a variety of actions. You really had to lean into it to make TARS move. During standard operations, Baxter’s limbs will still move when pushed on. Likewise, a bot with enough power to walk, swim, and be of any use to planetary explorers probably shouldn’t be all that compliant. We would shoot scenes and lean into it more. Chris immediately saw how the pattern of pieces would have to go to make it locomote. This is a crucial feature for a co-bot, and the differentiating factor between a robot that works effectively alongside people, and one that simply invades your personal space. Sure, you can delete games and data, but it’s not that hard to set up an external drive. Having softness is just good practice for most robots. From Interstellar, copyright Paramount Pictures, http://gfycat.com/PlasticInstructiveAnemoneshrimp/, the social robot designed by MIT roboticist Cynthia Breazeal. Baxter makes do without a nose, mouth, or voice. And the pilots were like, "Yeah, you gotta send people!" Please give me a moment that stands out working with Robin Williams in that. It looked like four popsicle sticks that were jointed together in different ways. Baxter’s other standout feature is safety. BI: They were very nice to me. He was just an energy field unlike anyone I've ever been around. You wouldn't have much of a movie if you didn't have people. We got up in the morning — this is 1974 — and they worked us. Matthew and I came up with the "Knock, knock" line. This answers first letter of which starts with T and can be found at the end of S. We think TARS is the possible answer on this clue. You attended Ringling Bros. Clown College in the ‘70s. He wanted the actor to be part of the scene. If a space co-bot is intended to fill in for humans, punching away at tightly spaced buttons and controls, its limbs and motors might have to exert more force and yield less than Baxter’s. I'm doing the scene with Matthew where he's putting back together TARS toward the end of the movie. ... Baxter makes do without a nose, mouth, or voice. BI: When I first went out to Burbank I saw a plastic model that somebody had made. It was programmed to have personality, but it didn’t get overbearing. Chris would peek in from time to time. In the upcoming movie Interstellar, we see the latter option. According to Berenson, the more compliant a robot’s actuators are, the less precision and strength they’re capable of. … But in a career full of memorable physical performances, he's currently getting high marks playing a character in which we never see him act. When it took shape at first there was a bit more dimension than the plastic model. But some days were easier than others. It all started with what was on the page. Mark Fichera is younger and stronger than I am, so he got the tougher assignments where sheer musclepower was involved. What is a day of clown college really like?We went about work very seriously! Still, there’s plenty that’s silly about this design when it comes to the field of collaborative robotics, or co-bots, which can function alongside humans without causing confusion or injury. That's right, along with the voice of TARS, Irwin did many of the robot's movements and was even involved early on when Nolan and his team were crafting what it would look like. Because I worked on Sesame Street […] I worked around it. Let’s Predict the 2022 Grammy Nominations. The movie’s director, Christopher Nolan, has shared very little about the robot’s design, telling Empire that it’s quadrilateral, and that, “you’ve got four main blocks, and they can be joined in three ways.” It’s a visually arresting approach, and one with no real-world precedent. Sign up to receive Popular Science's emails and get the highlights. Actor Bill Irwin talks about his "weird gig" for Christopher Nolan playing the robot TARS in "Interstellar," and how he'd do a TARS movie (plus that time he worked with Robin Williams). He is one of the crew members of Endurance along with Cooper, Brand, Doyle, Romilly, and CASE. These extraordinary stories have been hand-selected by cutting-edge and award-winning author Hannu Rajaniemi (The Quantum Thief, Summerland) and genre expert, World Fantasy Award winner, Jacob Weisman (Invaders, The Sword & Sorcery ... And Robin's face just sunk. You would work this thing forward toward Matthew McConaughey and then say a line—there was a mic attached to me—and retreat so it would be better for whoever I was talking to, or swivel quickly and show that you aren't talking to McConaughey but Anne Hathaway's character. The crossword clue possible answer is available in 4 letters. But you couldn’t do that all the time, so it then had to have little feet that would extend, deploy, and the thing would have the clearance to walk. There was an ankle attachment and a chest one, and we got good at getting in and out of it quickly because you didn't want to stand there for long hours strapped to it. The script is brilliant. BI: [Laughs] He showed up with a rolling rack. A millennium into the future, two advancements have altered the course of human history: the colonization of the Galaxy and the creation of the positronic brain. Robosen is offering 2 K1 editions to choose. As I look back now, it’s fascinating that the word puppeteering never came up in that first conversation with Chris Nolan. And there were men and women who had been practitioners all their lives showing us what they knew. This complete edition of The Reluctant Adventures Of Fletcher Connolly On The Interstellar Railroad contains all four episodes of Fletch’s unlucky career: Skint Idjit Intergalactic Bogtrotter Banjaxed Ceili Supermassive Blackguard Felix R ... Then he comes to serve Cooper. CASE is one of four former U.S. Marine surplus robots , alongside TARS, PLEX and KIPP. We never used the word puppetry, we never used the word robot. This work contains photographs of the artist's five months in Israel and the West Bank during 2010-11, working in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Nahariya, Bethlehem and Jenin. We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. So sometimes I was doing dialogue but I was far away, like by the snack table. Found inside“Take the escalator to the next upper floor,” ordered the robot voice. “You will find the Princess von Stolzberg and ... In one of the big screens swam the image of Aries, a silvery, vaned spindle gleaming against the interstellar dark. Every other shot of him, he's in something new. That’s not a bold prediction. Then Chris keeps giving me dialogue that’s not on any page. So you have this block of metal but a very human-like programmed intelligence. The living-room version of the app has arrived. It has programmable joints, so you can create fancy move sequences. The square tubes have a slight lip (its a weld seam I believe) on the inside that will interfere with the … ... Astro Robot and Other Futuristic Devices Read Every Article Esquire Has Ever Published, The 35 Best Gifts for Serious Whiskey Drinkers, The 20 Best Peacoats to Buy Now and Wear All Fall. We would push this thing around. “You don’t want sharp angles around people in space suits,” says Berenson.

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