Jannaeus established the city of Gamla in 81 BCE as the Hasmonean capital for the region. (. Banias is an ancient site that developed around a spring once associated with the Greek god Pan. Following the assassination of his cousin, the Caliph Uthman, Muawiya claimed the Caliphate for himself, initiating the Umayyad dynasty. [175][172] The European members of the UN Security Council issued a joint statement condemning the US announcement and the UN Secretary-General issued a statement saying that the status of the Golan had not changed.[176]. [181], The population of the Golan Heights prior to the 1967 Six-Day War has been estimated between 130,000 and 145,000, including 17,000 Palestinian refugees registered with UNRWA. Katzrin is the administrative and commercial center of the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. [97][98], Former Israeli General Mattityahu Peled said that more than half of the border clashes before the 1967 war "were a result of our security policy of maximum settlement in the demilitarised area. [209][210], The Golan Heights features numerous archeological sites, mountains, streams and waterfalls. A View From Damascus: Internal Refugees From Golan’s 244 Destroyed Syrian Villages, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Golan_Heights&oldid=1016758577, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with Hebrew-language sources (he), Articles lacking reliable references from January 2020, Articles with dead external links from January 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Aramaic-language text, Articles with disputed statements from January 2020, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from January 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from May 2020, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Arabic-language sources (ar), Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "The international community maintains that the Israeli decision to impose its laws, jurisdiction and administration in the occupied Syrian Golan is null and void and without international legal effect. Weller. [199][200], The Israeli-occupied territory is administered by the Golan Regional Council, based in Katzrin, which has a population of 6,400. The Golan Heights supply 15% of Israel's water. The archaeological site includes excavations of the city's forum, the small imperial cult temple, a large Hellenistic temple compound, the Roman city gates, and two Byzantine churches. 86–106) "As the pace of the surveys increased in the West Bank, widespread operations also began on the Golan Heights, which had been captured from Syria during the war (figure 7). For many centuries nomadic tribes lived together with the sedentary population in the region. In the 1st century BCE, the region as far as Trachonitis, Batanea and Auranitis was put under the administrative control of Herod the Great by Augustus Caesar. ", Herzog, Chaim, The Arab Israeli Wars, New York: Random House (1982) p.190-191. [137] Dennis Ross, U.S. President Bill Clinton's chief Middle East negotiator, blamed "cold feet" on the part of Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak for the breakdown. La position géographique du Golan, situé entre le Liban, la Jordanie et Israël, ainsi que sa richesse en During the Arab–Israeli War, Syria captured various areas of the formerly British controlled Mandatory Palestine, including the 10-meter strip of beach, the east bank of the upper Jordan, as well as areas along the Yarmouk. [122][123][2][22] The resolution demanded Israel rescind its decision. Gamla, the capital of Jewish Galaunitis, would play a major role in the Jewish-Roman wars,[54] and came to house the earliest known urban synagogue from the Hasmonean/Herodian realm. Le plateau du Golan, théâtre d'échange de tirs de missiles dans la nuit de mercredi à jeudi entre Israël et les forces iraniennes en Syrie, est stratégique pour les deux pays. [219] A consortium of four kibbutzim and four moshavim took up the challenge, clearing 250 burnt-out tanks in the Golan's Valley of Tears to plant vineyards for what would eventually become the Golan Heights Winery. Text available in. Il se situait en territoire syrien lorsque le pays accéda à l’indépendance, en 1946. [55] [19] When the mandate terminated in 1946, it became part of the newly independent Syrian Arab Republic. Under the terms of an armistice signed on 20 July 1949, Syrian forces were to withdraw east of the old Palestine-Syria boundary. Israeli settlement in the Golan began soon after the war. A special focus concerns Gamla and excavations of synagogues and Byzantine churches.[215]. Dan Urman, whose official title was Head of Surveying and Demolition Supervision for the Golan Heights, was in charge of this task. [93] Israel's response was a series of retaliatory raids, of which the largest were an attack on the Jordanian village of Samu in November 1966. Israeli scientists study the vultures and tourists can watch them fly and nest.[216]. Israel contended that the Armistice Agreement dealt solely with military concerns and that it had political and legal rights over the DMZ. "[99] Israeli incursions into the zone were responded to with Syrians shooting.

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