Over roughly five centuries, through a complex process of acculturation and mixing seen elsewhere in the Maghreb and North Africa, some of the indigenous Berber tribes mixed with the Maqil Arab tribes and formed a culture unique to Morocco and Mauritania. [97], In 2002, Hans Corell, Under-Secretary General of the United Nations and head of its Office of Legal Affairs, issued a legal opinion on the matter. Morocco has won support for its position from several African governments and from most of the Muslim world and Arab League. Three Moroccan regions are within or partly within Western Sahara: Morocco controls territory to the west of the berm (border wall) while the Sahrawi Republic controls territory to the east (see map on right). All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan government (as its de facto southern province). ", This page was last edited on 14 October 2020, at 09:45. The UN and the Western Sahara Dispute", Fanack.com independent website that provides non-partisan facts and analysis of the MENA region, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Royal Advisory Council for Saharan Affairs (CORCAS), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Sahara&oldid=983455563, Arabic-speaking countries and territories, Spanish-speaking countries and territories, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles lacking reliable references from October 2013, Articles with dead external links from January 2020, Articles with dead external links from August 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2011, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles lacking reliable references from July 2007, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles with text from the Berber languages collective, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2011, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2017, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2010, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from September 2013, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2011, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2018, Articles with failed verification from February 2007, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2013, Wikipedia external links cleanup from June 2017, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Irene Fernández-Molina and Matthew Porges.

The European Union fishing agreements with Morocco include Western Sahara. [84] These forces are dug into permanent positions, such as gun emplacements, defensive trenches and underground military bases, as well as conducting mobile patrols of the territory.

Political leadership of trade agreement signatories such as the United States (US-Morocco Free Trade Agreement) and Norway (European Free Trade Association trade accord) have made statements as to these agreements' non-applicability – although practical policy application is ambiguous. It also provided further detail on the referendum process in order to make it harder to stall or subvert. The portion not under the control of the Moroccan government is the area that lies between the border wall and the actual border with Algeria (for map see Minurso map). [citation needed], While initial Spanish interest in the Sahara was focused on using it as a port for the slave trade, by the 1700s Spain had transitioned economic activity on the Saharan coast towards commercial fishing. Le Front Polisario et le gouvernement sahraoui ont mis en garde contre la stratégie d’escalade marocaine qui menace la sécurité et la stabilité dans la région, appelant le Conseil de sécurité à réagir clairement face à cette grave manœuvre qui met en péril le droit inaliénable du peuple sahraoui à l’autodétermination. [40] The population is primarily made up of nomads who engage in herding camels back and forth between the Tindouf area and Mauritania.

Western Sahara was partitioned between Morocco and Mauritania in April 1976, with Morocco acquiring the northern two-thirds of the territory. The Moroccan government heavily subsidizes the Saharan provinces under its control with cut-rate fuel and related subsidies, to appease nationalist dissent and attract immigrants from Sahrawis and other communities in Morocco proper.[39]. The Polisario-controlled parts of Western Sahara are barren. Le dénommé Mahmoud Faraji Bouzid n’a fait aucune intervention, ni pris part aux discussions, a précisé l’Union générale des travailleurs du Koweït. His father, Hassan II of Morocco, initially supported the referendum idea in principle in 1982, and signed contracts with Polisario and the UN in 1991 and 1997. Sahrawi women could inherit property, and subsist independently from their fathers, brothers, husbands, and other male relatives. Moroccan claims of Polisario terrorism has generally little to no support abroad, with the US, EU, AU and UN all refusing to include the group on their lists of terrorist organizations. The area is patrolled by Polisario forces,[81] and access is restricted, even among Sahrawis, due to the harsh climate of the Sahara, the military conflict and the abundance of land mines. [10] Internationally, countries such as Russia have taken a generally ambiguous and neutral position on each side's claims, and have pressed both parties to agree on a peaceful resolution. Some of the films were made by the refugees themselves. Dans un communiqué précédent, le Front Polisario avait appelé les Nations unies et la Minurso à assumer leur responsabilité dans la protection de la sécurité des citoyens sahraouis dans la région de Guerguerat face à «tout possible acte d’intimidation» de la part des forces de l’occupant marocain, rapporte l’APS. During the war years (1975–1991), both sides accused each other of targeting civilians.

The indigenous population of Western Sahara is usually known in Western media as Sahrawis, but they are also referred to in Morocco as "Southerners" or "Southern Berbers". ou un jeune saharaouis pleurer qu’il ne pouvais pas partir voir sa famille dans le morrok occuper During the joint Moroccan–Mauritanian control of the area, the Mauritanian-controlled part, roughly corresponding to Saquia el-Hamra, was known as Tiris al-Gharbiyya.

The accords were based on a bipartite administration, and Morocco and Mauritania each moved to annex the territories, with Morocco taking control of the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara as its Southern Provinces, and Mauritania taking control of the southern third as Tiris al-Gharbiyya. Moroccan officials said five security personnel had been killed in the unrest. For example, Sahrawi Islam has traditionally functioned without mosques, in an adaptation to nomadic life. After that, the draft quickly garnered widespread international support, culminating in the UN Security Council's unanimous endorsement of the plan in the summer of 2003. The African Union however has not issued any formal statement about the border separating the sovereign territories of Morocco and the SADR in Western Sahara, until their conflict is resolved. The contemporary history of the territory has experienced long-term international presence and occupation that has deeply influenced the cultural practices of the people, such as languages spoken throughout the territory and its institutions. [35] The protest coincided with a fresh round of negotiations at the UN. [109] In more official ways, women were consistently part of the Polisario Front, which in 1994 created the National Union of Sahrawi Women (NUSW). le monde entier sera à vos côté à l’exception de la france et israel, c’est tout. The Museum of the Sahrawi People's Liberation Army is located in this refugee camp. Tous ces pays ont leurs propres agendas égoistes et n’utilisent le droit international que pour y aboutir. Mines were laid in zigzags up to one meter apart, and in some parts of the berms, there are three rows of mines.

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